October 1st, 1945 (MONDAY)
UNITED KINGDOM: 627 Squadron RAF (Mosquito) is disbanded.
GERMANY: Many schools reopen today after being shut in the closing days of the war.
A group of British engineers in the British Intelligence Objectives Sub-Committee (BIOS) visit the Volkswagen works in Fallersleben to assess the future for any German automotive industry. More...
Nürnberg: Walther Funk, the president of the Reichsbank is sentenced to life imprisonment.
CZECHOSLOVAKIA: The Czech armed forces, returned from service with the Allies, begin to reorganize into their own, native, formations.
MALAYA: The British Military Administration reasserts control of the Malay States.
NETHERLANDS EAST INDIES: Surabayan native troops attack and seize the Japanese Arms Warehouse which is commanded by Major Harimoto. These weapons are then distributed to independence groups in Surabaya and Jakarta.
COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILIPPINES: The US 86th Infantry Division headquarters moves from Batangas to Canluban to relieve the 38th Division, who are to return to the USA, from tactical responsibility.
The new mission for the 86th Division was:
1. Assume responsibility for areas formerly assigned to the 38th Division 2. Continue surrender arrangements with enemy groups in the Division zone of responsibility. 3. Assume control of all guerrilla and other organized Filipino forces in the zone of responsibility. 4. To provide and maintain-on 24 hours duty-two armed guards to protect equipment at radio station WVTEM which was 15 kilometres north of Manila on highway 3. 5. Prepare necessary security detachments for protection of installation property and personnel at San Marcellino Air Field. 6. Provide security guards, four men each, 24 hours a day at strategic locations. 7 Provide military police duty with 900 men, vehicles, and necessary organization in the City of Manila 8. Protect Air Corps pipe lines in the Subic Bay, Clark Field Area.
In additions to the above rnissions, the 86th also established 11 Japanese collecting points in areas where Japanese, remaining at large , would come.
The major duty of the 86th Division was policing and controlling the U.S. troops, Filipino citizens and Japanese POWs. (Drew Philip Halévy)
NAURU: The Japanese garrison surrenders.
U.S.A.: The OSS is abolished.
Destroyer USS Brinkley Bass commissioned. Destroyer USS Timmerman laid down.
Coast Guard-manned Army vessel FS-286 decommissioned. She was assigned to and operated in the Southwest Pacific area, at Milne Bay, etc. during the war.
1946 (MONDAY)
GERMANY: The International War Crimes Tribunal in Nuremberg sentences 12 high-ranking Germans to death including Martin Bormann who was tried in absentia. Among those condemned to death by hanging were Joachim von Ribbentrop, minister of foreign affairs; Hermann Göring, founder of the Gestapo and chief of the Luftwaffe; and Wilhelm Frick, minister of the interior. Seven others, including Rudolf Hess, Adolf Hitler's former deputy, are given prison sentences ranging from ten years to life. Three others are acquitted. On 16 October, ten of the architects of Nazi policy are hanged one by one. Hermann Göring, who at sentencing was called the "leading war aggressor and creator of the oppressive program against the Jews," committed suicide by poison on the eve of his scheduled execution.